How to Get First 4 Letters of String in Javascript
In this tutorial, you will learn how to get first 4 letters of string in javascript. The formation of string involves letters, numbers as well as special characters. That means the first 4 characters can be or cannot be letters, numbers, or special characters.
There are numerous ways to get the first 4 letters of a string. A string consists of multiple characters and to extract only letters from it, we can make use of the regular expression. To further get the first 4 letters, we can use the slice()
method.
The slice()
method takes 2 parameters and they basically specify starting and ending index number of items in an array for slicing purposes. The second parameter is optional and by default, it is considered to be the length of the array.
In the following example, we have one global variable that holds a string. Upon click of a button, we will get the first 4 letters of the string and display the result on the screen. Please have a look over the code example and the steps given below.
HTML & CSS
- We have 3 elements in the HTML file (
div
,button
, andh1
). Thediv
element is just a wrapper for the rest of the elements. - The
innerText
for thebutton
element is“Get”
and for theh1
element, it is“Result”
. - We have done some basic styling using CSS and added the link to our
style.css
stylesheet inside thehead
element. - We have also included our javascript file
script.js
with ascript
tag at the bottom.
<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"> <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="ie=edge"> <link rel="stylesheet" href="style.css"> <title>Document</title> </head> <body> <div class="container"> <button>Get</button> <h1>Result</h1> </div> <script src="script.js"></script> </body> </html>
.container { text-align: center; } button { margin-top: 10px; padding: 10px 20px; }
Javascript
- We have selected the
button
element andh1
element using thedocument.querySelector()
method and stored them inbtnGet
andoutput
variables respectively. - We have attached a
click
event listener to thebutton
element. - We have a global variable
myString
which holds a string as its value. - In the event handler function, we are calling the
match()
method and passing/[a-zA-Z]/g
as a regex pattern. As a result, we will get an array of letters or an empty array if there are no letters in the string. The array will be stored in theletters
variable. - Further, we will validate the
length
of the array and then call theslice()
method. We will pass this method 2 parameters; 0 which is the index of the first letter and 4 which is the index of the fifth letter. As a result, we will get the first 4 letters and that will be stored in theresult
variable. - We are displaying the
result
in theh1
element using theinnerText
property.
let btnGet = document.querySelector("button"); let output = document.querySelector("h1"); let myString = "Hello world 123"; btnGet.addEventListener("click", () => { let letters = myString.match(/[a-zA-Z]/g) || []; let result = letters.length > 0 ? letters.slice(0,4) : ''; output.innerText = result; });